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Forces and motion
Movement and position
1.3-1.5 - Distance-time graphs, speed and motion practicalMotion can be described with measurements instead of guesses. In this lesson, you will read and plot distance-time graphs, use average speed calculations, and plan a simple practical investigation using everyday objects such as toy cars or tennis balls. The key exam skill is linking the story of...
1.6-1.9 - Acceleration and velocity-time graphsVelocity-time graphs are one of the quickest ways to describe motion because they show both how fast an object is moving and how that motion is changing. In this lesson, you will use the acceleration equation, explain the shape of a velocity-time graph, find acceleration from its gradient, and fi...
1.10 - Constant acceleration equationWhen an object moves with constant acceleration, its starting speed, finishing speed, acceleration and distance are linked by one time-free relationship. This lesson is about choosing that equation, using it cleanly in calculations, and recognising what the answer means. The key habit is to work...
Forces, movement, shape and momentum
1.11-1.12 - Forces and their effectsForces are how bodies affect one another. A force can change how an object moves, or it can change the object's shape. In this lesson, you will learn to describe those effects and to identify common force types such as gravitational and electrostatic forces.
1.13-1.16 - Scalars, vectors and resultant forcesSome physical quantities are fully described by a number and a unit. Others also need a direction, and the direction changes the physics. In this lesson you will distinguish scalars from vectors, treat force as a vector, calculate resultant forces along one straight line, and use friction as a fo...
1.17-1.18 - Newton's second law and weightNewton's second law links the unbalanced force on an object to its mass and acceleration. Weight is a particular force: the pull of gravity on a mass. In this lesson you will learn what the symbols in the two equations mean, how to choose the right relationship, and how to avoid mixing up mass, w...
1.19-1.21 - Stopping distances and terminal velocityA moving vehicle does not stop at the instant the driver notices a hazard. It travels while the driver reacts, then travels farther while the brakes slow it down. Falling objects also change motion because their forces change as their speed changes, until some objects reach a steady speed called...
1.22-1.24 - Springs, Hooke's law and elastic behaviourStretching a spring, wire or rubber band is a simple way to see how a force can change the shape of an object. In this lesson you will learn how to measure extension, how to investigate the relationship between applied force and extension, and how to read the initial straight-line region of a for...
1.25P-1.28P - Momentum and safetyMomentum is a way to describe how much motion an object has. In a collision, momentum helps you predict what happens to objects and explain why safety features reduce injury. The important idea is not just "big things are dangerous"; it is that changing a large momentum quickly needs a large aver...
1.29P - Newton's third lawNewton's third law is about what happens when two objects interact. It does not say that forces disappear because they are equal and opposite. It says that a force is never alone: if one object exerts a force on another, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.
1.30P-1.33P - Moments, centre of gravity and equilibriumA force can do more than change the speed or shape of an object. If the force acts away from a pivot, it can have a turning effect called a moment. This lesson shows how to calculate moments, place weight through the centre of gravity, use the principle of moments, and explain the support forces...
Electricity
Units and mains electricity
2.1-2.2 - Electrical units and mains safetyElectrical quantities need correct units, otherwise a physics answer is incomplete. Domestic appliances also need safety features that stop a fault turning the metal case, cable, or user into a dangerous current path. This lesson keeps the focus on the seven required electrical units and on how i...
2.3-2.6 - Power, energy and mains electricityDomestic appliances are useful because an electric current transfers energy to components inside them. In this lesson, the important ideas are tightly connected: current in a resistor can produce heating, power links current and voltage, fuse ratings are chosen from the normal operating current,...
Energy and voltage in circuits
2.7-2.8 - Series and parallel circuitsSeries and parallel circuits are two different ways to connect components to a supply. The choice is not just a drawing style: it changes whether components depend on each other and how the current in the circuit responds when the supply or components change. In this lesson you will learn how to...
2.9-2.12 - Current-voltage graphs and electrical componentsCurrent-voltage graphs show how the current through a component changes when the voltage across it changes. Different components give different graph shapes, so the shape of the graph is evidence for how the component behaves in a circuit. In this lesson, the focus is qualitative: recognise the s...
2.13-2.16 - Voltage, current, resistance and chargeElectric circuits are easier to reason about when the four key quantities stay separate. Current tells you how quickly charge is flowing. Voltage, current and resistance are connected by one calculation relationship, and charge, current and time are connected by another. In metal wires, the movin...
Electric charge
Waves
Units and properties of waves
The electromagnetic spectrum
Light and sound
Energy resources and energy transfers
Units and energy transfers
Work and power
Energy resources and electricity generation
Solids, liquids and gases
Units, density and pressure
Change of state
Ideal gas molecules
Magnetism and electromagnetism
Units and magnetism
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetic induction
Radioactivity and particles
Units and radioactivity
Fission and fusion
Astrophysics
Units and motion in the universe
Stellar evolution
Cosmology