Roadmap
Topic 1: Physical chemistry
1.1 Atomic structure
3.1.1.1 - Fundamental Particles
3.1.1.2 - Mass Number and Isotopes
3.1.1.3 - Electron Configuration
1.2: Amount of substance
RP Volumetric solution and acid-base titration
1.2 Amount of substance
3.1.2.1 - Relative Atomic Mass and Relative Molecular Mass
3.1.2.2 - The Mole and the Avogadro Constant
3.1.2.3 - The Ideal Gas Equation
3.1.2.4 - Empirical and Molecular Formula
3.1.2.5 - Balanced Equations and Associated Calculations
RP01 - Make Up a Volumetric Solution and Carry Out a Simple Acid-Base Titration
1.3: Bonding
1.3.7 Intermolecular forces
1.3 Bonding
3.1.3.1 - Ionic Bonding
3.1.3.2 - Nature of Covalent and Dative Covalent Bonds
3.1.3.3 - Metallic Bonding
3.1.3.4 - Bonding and Physical Properties
3.1.3.5 - Shapes of Simple Molecules and Ions
3.1.3.6 - Bond Polarity
3.1.3.7 - Forces Between Molecules
1.4: Energetics
RP Enthalpy change by calorimetry
1.4 Energetics
3.1.4.1 - Enthalpy Change
3.1.4.2 - Calorimetry
RP02 - Measurement of an Enthalpy Change
3.1.4.3 - Applications of Hess's Law
3.1.4.4 - Bond Enthalpies
1.5: Kinetics
RP Rate and temperature
1.5 Kinetics
3.1.5.1 - Collision Theory
3.1.5.2 - Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
3.1.5.3 - Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
RP03 - Investigation of How the Rate of a Reaction Changes with Temperature
3.1.5.4 - Effect of Concentration and Pressure
3.1.5.5 - Catalysts
1.6: Chemical equilibria, Le Chatelier's principle and Kc
1.6.2 Equilibrium constant Kc
1.6 Chemical equilibria, Le Chatelier's principle and Kc
3.1.6.1 - Chemical Equilibria and Le Chatelier's Principle
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3.1.6.2 - Equilibrium Constant Kc for Homogeneous Systems
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1.7 Oxidation, reduction and redox equations
3.1.7 - Oxidation, Reduction and Redox Equations
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1.8 Thermodynamics
3.1.8.1 - Born-Haber Cycles
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3.1.8.2 - Gibbs Free-Energy Change, ΔG, and Entropy Change, ΔS
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1.9: Rate equations
RP Rate of reaction methods
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1.9 Rate equations
3.1.9.1 - Rate Equations
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3.1.9.2 - Determination of Rate Equation
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RP07 - Measuring the Rate of Reaction
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1.10: Equilibrium constant Kp
1.10 Equilibrium constant Kp
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1.10 Equilibrium constant Kp for homogeneous systems
3.1.10 - Equilibrium Constant Kp for Homogeneous Systems
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1.11: Electrode potentials and electrochemical cells
RP Electrochemical cell EMF
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1.11.2 Commercial electrochemical cells
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1.11 Electrode potentials and electrochemical cells
3.1.11.1 - Electrode Potentials and Cells
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RP08 - Measuring the EMF of an Electrochemical Cell
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3.1.11.2 - Commercial Applications of Electrochemical Cells (A-level only)
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1.12: Acids and bases
1.12.4 Weak acids and Ka
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RP Acid-base pH curves
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1.12 Acids and bases
3.1.12.1 - Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Equilibria in Aqueous Solution
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3.1.12.2 - Definition and Determination of pH
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3.1.12.3 - The Ionic Product of Water, Kw
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3.1.12.4 - Weak Acids and Bases Ka for Weak Acids
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3.1.12.5 - pH Curves, Titrations and Indicators
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RP09 - Investigate How pH Changes When a Weak Acid Reacts with a Strong Base and When a Strong Acid Reacts with a Weak Base
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3.1.12.6 - Buffer Action
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Topic 2: Inorganic chemistry
2.1 Periodicity
3.2.1.1 - Classification
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3.2.1.2 - Physical Properties of Period 3 Elements
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2.2 Group 2, the alkaline earth metals
3.2.2 - Group 2, the Alkaline Earth Metals
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2.3: Group 7(17), the halogens
2.3.1 Trends in halogen properties
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RP Cation and anion tests
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2.3 Group 7(17), the halogens
3.2.3.1 - Trends in Properties (Halogens)
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3.2.3.2 - Uses of Chlorine and Chlorate(I)
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RP04 - Carry Out Simple Test-Tube Reactions to Identify Cations and Anions
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2.4 Properties of Period 3 elements and their oxides
3.2.4 - Properties of Period 3 Elements and Their Oxides
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2.5: Transition metals
2.5.6 Transition metal catalysts
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2.5 Transition metals
3.2.5.1 - General Properties of Transition Metals
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3.2.5.2 - Substitution Reactions
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3.2.5.3 - Shapes of Complex Ions
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3.2.5.4 - Formation of Coloured Ions
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3.2.5.5 - Variable Oxidation States
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3.2.5.6 - Catalysts (A-level only)
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2.6: Reactions of ions in aqueous solution
RP Transition metal ion tests
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2.6 Reactions of ions in aqueous solution
3.2.6 - Reactions of Ions in Aqueous Solution
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RP11 - Carry Out Simple Test-Tube Reactions to Identify Transition Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution
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Topic 3: Organic chemistry
3.1 Introduction to organic chemistry
3.3.1.1 - Nomenclature
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3.3.1.2 - Reaction Mechanisms
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3.3.1.3 - Isomerism
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3.2: Alkanes
3.2.2 Cracking of alkanes
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3.2 Alkanes
3.3.2.1 - Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
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3.3.2.2 - Modification of Alkanes by Cracking
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3.3.2.3 - Combustion of Alkanes
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3.3.2.4 - Chlorination of Alkanes
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3.3 Halogenoalkanes
3.3.3.1 - Nucleophilic Substitution
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3.3.3.2 - Elimination (Halogenoalkanes)
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3.3.3.3 - Ozone Depletion
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3.4 Alkenes
3.3.4.1 - Structure, Bonding and Reactivity (Alkenes)
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3.3.4.2 - Addition Reactions of Alkenes
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3.3.4.3 - Addition Polymers
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3.5: Alcohols
RP Distillation of a reaction product
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3.5 Alcohols
3.3.5.1 - Alcohol Production
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3.3.5.2 - Oxidation of Alcohols
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3.3.5.3 - Elimination (Alcohols)
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RP05 - Distillation of a Product from a Reaction
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3.6: Organic analysis
3.6.1 Functional group tests
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RP Organic functional group tests
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3.6.3 Infrared spectroscopy
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3.6 Organic analysis
3.3.6.1 - Identification of Functional Groups by Test-Tube Reactions
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RP06 - Tests for Alcohol, Aldehyde, Alkene and Carboxylic Acid
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3.3.6.2 - Mass Spectrometry
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3.3.6.3 - Infrared Spectroscopy
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3.7 Optical isomerism
3.3.7 - Optical Isomerism
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3.8 Aldehydes and ketones
3.3.8 - Aldehydes and Ketones (A-level only)
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3.9: Carboxylic acids and derivatives
RP Organic product preparation and purity
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3.9 Carboxylic acids and derivatives
3.3.9.1 - Carboxylic Acids and Esters
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3.3.9.2 - Acylation
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RP10 - Preparation of a Pure Organic Solid and Test of Its Purity; a Pure Organic Liquid
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3.10: Aromatic chemistry
3.10.1 Aromatic bonding
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3.10 Aromatic chemistry
3.3.10.1 - Bonding (Aromatic Chemistry) (A-level only)
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3.3.10.2 - Electrophilic Substitution
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3.11: Amines
3.11.2 Basicity of amines
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3.11 Amines
3.3.11.1 - Preparation of Amines
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3.3.11.2 - Base Properties (Amines)
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3.3.11.3 - Nucleophilic Properties (Amines)
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3.12 Polymers
3.3.12.1 - Condensation Polymers
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3.3.12.2 - Biodegradability and Disposal of Polymers
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3.13 Amino acids, proteins and DNA
3.3.13.1 - Amino Acids
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3.3.13.2 - Proteins
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3.3.13.3 - Enzymes
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3.3.13.4 - DNA
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3.3.13.5 - Action of Anticancer Drugs
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3.14 Organic synthesis
3.3.14 - Organic Synthesis
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3.15: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
3.15 NMR spectroscopy
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3.15 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
3.3.15 - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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3.16: Chromatography
RP Thin-layer chromatography
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3.16 Chromatography
3.3.16 - Chromatography
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RP12 - Separation of Species by Thin-Layer Chromatography
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