Roadmap
Compulsory Content
3.1 - Measurements and Their Errors
3.1.1 - Use of SI Units and Their Prefixes
3.1.2 - Limitation of Physical Measurements
3.1.3 - Estimation of Physical Quantities
3.2 - Particles and Radiation / 3.2.1 - Particles
3.2.1.1 - Constituents of the Atom
3.2.1.2 - Stable and Unstable Nuclei
3.2.1.3 - Particles, Antiparticles and Photons
3.2.1.4 - Particle Interactions
3.2.1.5 - Classification of Particles
3.2.1.6 - Quarks and Antiquarks
3.2.1.7 - Applications of Conservation Laws
3.2 - Particles and Radiation / 3.2.2 - Electromagnetic Radiation and Quantum Phenomena
3.2.2.1 - The Photoelectric Effect
3.2.2.2 - Collisions of Electrons with Atoms
3.2.2.3 - Energy Levels and Photon Emission
3.2.2.4 - Wave-Particle Duality
3.3 - Waves / 3.3.1 - Progressive and Stationary Waves
3.3.1.1 - Progressive Waves
3.3.1.2 - Longitudinal and Transverse Waves
3.3.1.3 - Superposition and Stationary Waves
RP01 - Stationary Waves on a String
3.3 - Waves / 3.3.2 - Refraction, Diffraction and Interference
3.3.2.1 - Interference
3.3.2.2 - Diffraction
RP02 - Interference Effects
3.3.2.3 - Refraction at a Plane Surface
3.4 - Mechanics and Materials / 3.4.1 - Force, Energy and Momentum
3.4.1.1 - Scalars and Vectors
3.4.1.2 - Moments
3.4.1.3 - Motion Along a Straight Line
RP03 - Determination of g by Free Fall
3.4.1.4 - Projectile Motion
3.4.1.5 - Newton's Laws of Motion
3.4.1.6 - Momentum
3.4.1.7 - Work, Energy and Power
3.4.1.8 - Conservation of Energy
3.4 - Mechanics and Materials / 3.4.2 - Materials
3.4.2.1 - Bulk Properties of Solids
3.4.2.2 - The Young Modulus
RP04 - Determination of the Young Modulus
3.5 - Electricity / 3.5.1 - Current Electricity
3.5.1.1 - Basics of Electricity
3.5.1.2 - Current-Voltage Characteristics
3.5.1.3 - Resistivity
RP05 - Determination of Wire Resistivity
3.5.1.4 - Circuits
3.5.1.5 - Potential Divider
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3.5.1.6 - Electromotive Force and Internal Resistance
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RP06 - EMF and Internal Resistance
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3.6 - Further Mechanics and Thermal Physics / 3.6.1 - Periodic Motion
3.6.1.1 - Circular Motion
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3.6.1.2 - Simple Harmonic Motion
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3.6.1.3 - Simple Harmonic Systems
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RP07 - Simple Harmonic Motion
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3.6.1.4 - Forced Vibrations and Resonance
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3.6 - Further Mechanics and Thermal Physics / 3.6.2 - Thermal Physics
3.6.2.1 - Thermal Energy Transfer
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3.6.2.2 - Ideal Gases
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RP08 - Boyle's Law and Charles's Law
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3.6.2.3 - Molecular Kinetic Theory Model
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3.7 - Fields and Their Consequences / 3.7.1 - Fields
3.7.1 - Fields
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3.7 - Fields and Their Consequences / 3.7.2 - Gravitational Fields
3.7.2.1 - Newton's Law of Gravitation
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3.7.2.2 - Gravitational Field Strength
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3.7.2.3 - Gravitational Potential
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3.7.2.4 - Orbits of Planets and Satellites
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3.7 - Fields and Their Consequences / 3.7.3 - Electric Fields
3.7.3.1 - Coulomb's Law
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3.7.3.2 - Electric Field Strength
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3.7.3.3 - Electric Potential
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3.7 - Fields and Their Consequences / 3.7.4 - Capacitance
3.7.4.1 - Capacitance
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3.7.4.2 - Parallel Plate Capacitor
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3.7.4.3 - Energy Stored by a Capacitor
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3.7.4.4 - Capacitor Charge and Discharge
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RP09 - Capacitor Charge and Discharge
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3.7 - Fields and Their Consequences / 3.7.5 - Magnetic Fields
3.7.5.1 - Magnetic Flux Density
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RP10 - Force on a Current-Carrying Wire
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3.7.5.2 - Moving Charges in a Magnetic Field
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3.7.5.3 - Magnetic Flux and Flux Linkage
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3.7.5.4 - Electromagnetic Induction
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RP11 - Magnetic Flux Linkage with a Search Coil
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3.7.5.5 - Alternating Currents
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3.7.5.6 - The Operation of a Transformer
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3.8 - Nuclear Physics / 3.8.1 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy
3.8.1.1 - Rutherford Scattering (A-level only)
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3.8.1.2 - Alpha, Beta and Gamma Radiation
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RP12 - Inverse-Square Law for Gamma Radiation
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3.8.1.3 - Radioactive Decay
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3.8.1.4 - Nuclear Instability
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3.8.1.5 - Nuclear Radius
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3.8.1.6 - Mass and Energy
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3.8.1.7 - Induced Fission
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3.8.1.8 - Safety Aspects
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Optional Sections (your school picks one)
3.9 - Astrophysics (Option A) / 3.9.1 - Telescopes
3.9.1.1 - Two-Lens Astronomical Telescopes
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3.9.1.2 - Reflecting Telescopes
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3.9.1.3 - Radio, Infrared, Ultraviolet and X-ray Telescopes
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3.9.1.4 - Telescope Diameter and Detectors
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3.9 - Astrophysics (Option A) / 3.9.2 - Classification of Stars
3.9.2.1 - Classification by Luminosity
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3.9.2.2 - Absolute Magnitude and Distance
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3.9.2.3 - Stellar Temperature and Black-Body Radiation
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3.9.2.4 - Stellar Spectral Classes
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3.9.2.5 - The Hertzsprung–Russell Diagram
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3.9.2.6 - Supernovae, Neutron Stars and Black Holes
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3.9 - Astrophysics (Option A) / 3.9.3 - Cosmology
3.9.3.1 - Doppler Effect
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3.9.3.2 - Hubble's Law
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3.9.3.3 - Quasars
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3.9.3.4 - Detection of Exoplanets
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3.10 - Medical Physics (Option B) / 3.10.1 - Physics of the Eye
3.10.1.1 - Physics of Vision
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3.10.1.2 - Defects of Vision and Their Correction Using Lenses
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3.10 - Medical Physics (Option B) / 3.10.2 - Physics of the Ear
3.10.2.1 - Ear as a Sound Detection System
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3.10.2.2 - Sensitivity and Frequency Response
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3.10.2.3 - Defects of Hearing
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3.10 - Medical Physics (Option B) / 3.10.3 - Biological Measurement
3.10.3.1 - Simple ECG Machines and the Normal ECG Waveform
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3.10 - Medical Physics (Option B) / 3.10.4 - Non-Ionising Imaging
3.10.4.1 - Ultrasound Imaging
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3.10.4.2 - Fibre Optics and Endoscopy
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3.10.4.3 - Magnetic Resonance Scanner
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3.10 - Medical Physics (Option B) / 3.10.5 - X-Ray Imaging
3.10.5.1 - The Physics of Diagnostic X-rays
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3.10.5.2 - Image Detection and Enhancement
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3.10.5.3 - Absorption of X-rays
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3.10.5.4 - CT Scanner
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3.10 - Medical Physics (Option B) / 3.10.6 - Radionuclide Imaging and Therapy
3.10.6.1 - Imaging Techniques
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3.10.6.2 - Half-life
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3.10.6.3 - Gamma Camera
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3.10.6.4 - Use of High-Energy X-rays
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3.10.6.5 - Use of Radioactive Implants
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3.10.6.6 - Imaging Comparisons
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3.11 - Engineering Physics (Option C) / 3.11.1 - Rotational Dynamics
3.11.1.1 - Concept of Moment of Inertia
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3.11.1.2 - Rotational Kinetic Energy
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3.11.1.3 - Rotational Motion
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3.11.1.4 - Torque and Angular Acceleration
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3.11.1.5 - Angular Momentum
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3.11.1.6 - Work and Power
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3.11 - Engineering Physics (Option C) / 3.11.2 - Thermodynamics and Engines
3.11.2.1 - First Law of Thermodynamics
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3.11.2.2 - Non-Flow Processes
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3.11.2.3 - The p-V Diagram
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3.11.2.4 - Engine Cycles
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3.11.2.5 - Second Law and Engines
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3.11.2.6 - Reversed Heat Engines
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3.12 - Turning Points in Physics (Option D) / 3.12.1 - The Discovery of the Electron
3.12.1.1 - Cathode Rays
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3.12.1.2 - Thermionic Emission of Electrons
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3.12.1.3 - Specific Charge of the Electron
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3.12.1.4 - Millikan's Oil-Drop Experiment
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3.12 - Turning Points in Physics (Option D) / 3.12.2 - Wave-Particle Duality
3.12.2.1 - Newton and Huygens
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3.12.2.2 - Young's double-slit evidence
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3.12.2.3 - Electromagnetic waves
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3.12.2.4 - The discovery of photoelectricity
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3.12.2.5 - Wave–particle duality
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3.12.2.6 - Electron microscopes
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3.12 - Turning Points in Physics (Option D) / 3.12.3 - Special Relativity
3.12.3.1 - The Michelson-Morley Experiment
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3.12.3.2 - Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity
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3.12.3.3 - Time Dilation
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3.12.3.4 - Length Contraction
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3.12.3.5 - Mass and Energy
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3.13 - Electronics (Option E) / 3.13.1 - Sensing Devices
3.13.1.1 - MOSFET
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3.13.1.2 - Zener diode
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3.13.1.3 - Photodiode
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3.13.1.4 - Hall effect sensor
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3.13 - Electronics (Option E) / 3.13.2 - Signal Processing
3.13.2.1 - Analogue and Digital Signals
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3.13 - Electronics (Option E) / 3.13.3 - Filters and Amplifiers
3.13.3.1 - LC Resonance Filters
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3.13.3.2 - The Ideal Operational Amplifier
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3.13 - Electronics (Option E) / 3.13.4 - Op-Amp Circuits
3.13.4.1 - Inverting Amplifiers
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3.13.4.2 - Non-Inverting Amplifiers
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3.13.4.3 - Summing and Difference Amplifiers
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3.13.4.4 - Real Operational Amplifiers
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3.13 - Electronics (Option E) / 3.13.5 - Digital Electronics
3.13.5.1 - Combinational Logic
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3.13.5.2 - Sequential Logic
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3.13.5.3 - Astables
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3.13 - Electronics (Option E) / 3.13.6 - Communication Systems
3.13.6.1 - Principles of Communication Systems
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3.13.6.2 - Transmission Media
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3.13.6.3 - Time-Division Multiplexing
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3.13.6.4 - AM and FM
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